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His jealousy: See study note on 4:24. Just as a husband is rightfully jealous when another man tries to take his wife away, God was jealous when Israel worshiped other gods (Proverbs 6:34).
In ancient times, vows from both parties secured a treaty between individuals or nations. Israel's promise was in a song of witness that Moses composed under divine inspiration (31:19–22).
Israel probably sang the song during a regular covenant-renewal ceremony (31:21). They invoked upon themselves the covenant's judgments and reminded themselves of its promises.
Moses Ancient Law Codes God’s Instructions Music in Ancient Israel
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Topics
Abomination to God: Idolatry Backsliders: General Scriptures Concerning Death: Scenes of Death of Moses God: Jealous Idolatry: Denunciations Against Instruction in Religion Jealousy: Attributed to God Psalms: Didactic Songs Composed by Moses, Celebrating the Providence, Righteousness Reproof: Faithfulness in Moses, of the Israelites The Jews: Often Displeased God by Their Sins