Esther 2:23

Translations

Modern

After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.

Traditional

And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.

Literal

And the matter was sought out and was found, and the two of them were hanged on a tree, and it was written in the Book of the Words of the Days before the face of the king.

Latin

Quæsitum est, et inventum: et appensus est uterque eorum in patibulo. Mandatumque est historiis, et annalibus traditum coram rege.

Original

Hebrew

English

After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.

Notes

Esther 2:23

hanged on the gallows: Thought this phrase has often been translated as hanged on a gallows, inscriptions from ancient Persia show that impalement was a common execution method. Xerxes’ father, Darius I, claimed he impaled 3,000 Babylonians when he conquered Babylon. Sometimes, authorities executed criminals first and then displayed them on a stake, as with the execution of Haman’s sons (Esther 9:5–14).
This was all recorded, but Mordecai was not rewarded until much later (Esther 6:1–14).
While various records of Xerxes’ reign have been found, the specific book mentioned here no longer exists.

Theme notes and profiles

Esther Xerxes I

Related verses

Genesis 40:22
But Pharaoh hanged the chief baker, just as Joseph had described to them in his interpretation.
Esther 10:2
And all of Mordecai’s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?
Genesis 40:19
Within three days Pharaoh will lift off your head and hang you on a tree. Then the birds will eat the flesh of your body.”
Malachi 3:16
At that time those who feared the LORD spoke with one another, and the LORD listened and heard them. So a scroll of remembrance was written before Him regarding those who feared the LORD and honored His name.
Esther 7:10
So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the fury of the king subsided.
Joshua 8:29
He hung the king of Ai on a tree until evening, and at sunset Joshua commanded that they take down the body from the tree and throw it down at the entrance of the city gate. And over it they raised a large pile of rocks, which remains to this day.
Esther 5:14–6:2
His wife Zeresh and all his friends told him, “Have them build a gallows fifty cubits high, and ask the king in the morning to have Mordecai hanged on it. Then go to the banquet with the king and enjoy yourself.” The advice pleased Haman, and he had the gallows constructed.
Deuteronomy 21:22–23
If a man has committed a sin worthy of death, and he is executed, and you hang his body on a tree,

Glossary

Bigthan, Bigthana Book of Esther Esther (Person) Esther, Additions to Impalement Teresh

Topics

Bigthan: A Conspiring Persian Courtier Books: Important Events Recorded In Citizens: Loyal: Mordecai Conspiracy: Ahasuerus Gallows used for Execution of Criminals Loyalty: Mordecai Mordecai: Informs Ahasuerus of a Conspiracy Against his Life and is Rewarded Punishment: Death Penalty for Treason Teresh: Plotted Against Ahasuerus Treason: Death Penalty For

Esther 2:23

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