Romans 10:19

Translations

Modern

I ask instead, did Israel not understand? First, Moses says: “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; I will make you angry by a nation without understanding.”

Traditional

But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.

Literal

But I say, did Israel not know? First, Moses says: “I will provoke you to jealousy by those not a nation; I will provoke you to anger by a nation without understanding.”

Latin

Sed dico: Numquid Israël non cognovit? Primus Moyses dicit: Ego ad æmulationem vos adducam in non gentem: in gentem insipientem, in iram vos mittam.

Original

Greek

English

I ask instead, did Israel not understand? First, Moses says: “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; I will make you angry by a nation without understanding.”

Notes

Romans 10:19

make you jealous … make you angry: This quotation from Deuteronomy 32:21 describes God’s punishment of Israel for worshiping other gods (idolatry).

In Paul’s time, Israel was still guilty of idolatry. This was because many people treated the law as more important than God himself. As a result, God used the Gentiles (people who were not even considered a nation) to make Israel jealous and angry. Paul explains this idea more fully in Romans 11:12–32.

Romans 9:1–11:36

n this section, Paul addresses a serious question. Many Jews did not believe in Jesus. If God had promised salvation to Israel, how could Jesus truly fulfill God’s plan when so few Jews believed (9:1–5)? In response, Paul uses the Old Testament to show that God always planned to save only a remnant, that is, a smaller group within Israel (9:6–29). Paul also explains that many Jews did not accept Christ because they refused to trust in him (9:30–10:21).

Paul then makes clear that God has not rejected Israel. Some Jews have already believed in Christ (11:1–10). Many more will trust in Christ in the future (11:12–26).

Theme notes and profiles

Paul (Saul) Ethnic Hatred God’s Unified Plan of Salvation

Related verses

Deuteronomy 32:21
They have provoked My jealousy by that which is not God; they have enraged Me with their worthless idols. So I will make them jealous by those who are not a people; I will make them angry by a nation without understanding.
Romans 11:11
I ask then, did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Certainly not! However, because of their trespass, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make Israel jealous.
Romans 11:14
…in the hope that I may provoke my own people to jealousy and save some of them.
Titus 3:3
For at one time we too were foolish, disobedient, misled, and enslaved to all sorts of desires and pleasures—living in malice and envy, being hated and hating one another.
1 Peter 2:10
Once you were not a people, but now you are the people of God; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
Psalm 115:5–8
They have mouths, but cannot speak; they have eyes, but cannot see;
Isaiah 44:18–20
They do not comprehend or discern, for He has shut their eyes so they cannot see and closed their minds so they cannot understand.
1 Corinthians 1:12
What I mean is this: Individuals among you are saying, “I follow Paul,” “I follow Apollos,” “I follow Cephas,” or “I follow Christ.”
Hosea 2:23
And I will sow her as My own in the land, and I will have compassion on ‘No Compassion.’ I will say to those called ‘Not My People,’ ‘You are My people,’ and they will say, ‘You are my God.’”
Romans 3:26
He did this to demonstrate His righteousness at the present time, so as to be just and to justify the one who has faith in Jesus.
Jeremiah 10:8
But they are altogether senseless and foolish, instructed by worthless idols made of wood!
Romans 1:21–22
For although they knew God, they neither glorified Him as God nor gave thanks to Him, but they became futile in their thinking and darkened in their foolish hearts.

Parallels

Isaiah 65:1–16

People

Israel: Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of twelve tribes Moses: Prophet who led Israel out of Egypt

Glossary

Bible, Manuscripts and Text of the (New Testament) Book of Esther Elect, Election Land Letter to the Romans Mystery Numbers, Book of

Topics

Gentiles: Conversion of Jealousy: An Envious Spirit Justification: General Scriptures Concerning

Romans 10:19

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