James 1:1

Translations

Modern

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes of the Dispersion: Greetings.

Traditional

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad, greeting.

Literal

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes in the Diaspora: Greetings.

Latin

Jacobus, Dei et Domini nostri Jesu Christi servus, duodecim tribubus, quæ sunt in dispersione, salutem.

Original

Greek

English

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes of the Dispersion: Greetings.

Notes

James 1:1

James: See “James, Brother of Jesus” Profile.
By calling his readers the twelve tribes, James connects Christianity to the history of Israel. The exile to Babylon scattered the twelve tribes. But Jewish interpreters hoped God would reunite them (see Psalms of Solomon 17:26–28; Testament of Benjamin 9:2; compare Ezekiel 37:15–28; Matthew 19:28). Christ has spiritually ended Israel’s exile and reunited the tribes.
the Dispersion (Greek diaspora): Jews scattered abroad were living outside Palestine (John 7:35; Acts 2:5; 8:1; 11:19).
Greetings (Greek chairein): This was a common greeting in first-century Greek letters and in personal interactions (Acts 15:23; 23:26; Matthew 26:49; Luke 1:28).

Theme notes and profiles

James, Brother of Jesus Symbolic Numbers

Related verses

Ezekiel 12:15
And they will know that I am the LORD, when I disperse them among the nations and scatter them throughout the countries.
1 Peter 1:1
Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the elect who are exiles of the Dispersion throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, chosen
John 7:35
At this, the Jews said to one another, “Where does He intend to go that we will not find Him? Will He go where the Jews are dispersed among the Greeks, and teach the Greeks?
Acts 8:1
And Saul was there, giving approval to Stephen’s death. On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria.
Acts 26:7
…the promise our twelve tribes are hoping to see fulfilled as they earnestly serve God day and night. It is because of this hope, O king, that I am accused by the Jews.
Acts 15:23
…and sent them with this letter: The apostles and the elders, your brothers, To the brothers among the Gentiles in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia: Greetings.
Acts 15:13
When they had finished speaking, James declared, “Brothers, listen to me!
Galatians 2:9
And recognizing the grace that I had been given, James, Cephas, and John—those reputed to be pillars—gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, so that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcised.
Deuteronomy 28:64
Then the LORD will scatter you among all the nations, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you will worship other gods, gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known.
Acts 21:18
The next day Paul went in with us to see James, and all the elders were present.
Romans 1:1
Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, and set apart for the gospel of God—
Titus 1:1
Paul, a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ for the faith of God’s elect and their knowledge of the truth that leads to godliness,

Parallels

Jude 1:1–2

People

James: Jesus' brother, leader in the Jerusalem church Jesus: The Son of God and Savior of the world

Glossary

Brothers of Jesus Dispersion of the Jews, Diaspora James (Person) Letter of James

Topics

Christian Minister: Serv Ants of God Europe James: An Apostle: Epistle of The Jews: Scattered and Peeled The Tribes of Israel were Twelve in Number Titles and Names of Ministers: Servants of God Tribes

James 1:1

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