Ezra 1:2

The Proclamation of Cyrus · Ezra 1:1–6
Read Ezra 1

Translations

Modern
“This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, who has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, has appointed me to build a house for Him at Jerusalem in Judah.
Traditional
Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The Lord God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah.
Literal
“Thus says Cyrus king of Persia, ‘All the kingdoms of the earth YHWH, God of the heavens, has given to me, and He has commanded to me to build for Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah.
Latin
Hæc dicit Cyrus rex Persarum: Omnia regna terræ dedit mihi Dominus Deus cæli, et ipse præcepit mihi ut ædificarem ei domum in Jerusalem, quæ est in Judæa.

Original

Hebrew
English
“This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, who has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, has appointed me to build a house for Him at Jerusalem in Judah.

Notes

Although Cyrus mentions the Lord, the God of heaven, he was actually a Zoroastrian. His proclamation, written in Hebrew, was likely political propaganda to gain Jewish support for his rule. In a similar statement to the Babylonians, Cyrus claimed to worship their chief god, Marduk. However, his words here show that God appointed him to build a temple in Jerusalem (see Isaiah 44:28; 45:1, 13). He might have learned about these prophecies from Daniel, who served in his court as a high government official (Cyrus is likely referred to by his Median name, Darius, in Daniel 6:1–28; 9:1). God had long planned to raise up Cyrus and give him a vision to restore worship in Jerusalem (Isaiah 44:28; 45:13; 48:14–15).

The first three verses of Ezra are nearly identical to 2 Chronicles 36:22–23. This suggests a connection between the books.

Parallels

2 Chronicles 36:22–23 Isaiah 45:1–25

People

Cyrus: Persian Emperor who decreed the rebuilding of the Temple Judah: Israelite tribe, kingdom, and province

Places

Jerusalem: The capital of Israel, a holy city for three religions Persia: An empire that ruled over the exiled Jews

Glossary

Assumption of Moses Book of Ezra Book of Nehemiah Cyrus Cylinder Cyrus the Great Ecbatana Elam (Place), Elamites Ezekiel, Book of First Book of Esdras History of Israel Inscriptions Jerusalem Judaism Persia, Persians Postexilic Period Sheshbazzar Temple Zechariah, Book of

Topics

Church and State: State Favorable to Religion: Cyrus, in his Proclamation to Restore the Temple at Jerusalem Emancipation: Proclamation of by Cyrus Heathen: Cyrus Heathen: Divine Revelations Given to Cyrus Jerusalem: Rebuilding of, Ordered by Proclamation of Cyrus Jerusalem: Rebuilt After the Captivity by Order of Cyrus Kings: should Promote the Interests of the Church Liberality: Cyrus Liberality: General Scriptures Concerning Medo-Persian Kingdom: The Jews Delivered from Captivity by Means of Obedience: Cyrus Proclamation: Emancipation Prophecies Concerning Israel: Captivity of Cyrus Decrees Their Restoration Servant: Bond: Emancipation of Servant: Emancipation of The Jews: Restored to Their own Land by Cyrus the Second Temple: Cyrus: Gave a Decree for Building, in the First Year of his Reign