Exodus 28:12

Translations

Modern

Fasten both stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear their names on his two shoulders as a memorial before the LORD.

Traditional

And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

Literal

And you shall put the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod, stones of memorial for the sons of Israel. And Aaron shall bear their names before the face of YHWH on his two shoulders for a memorial.

Latin

…et pones in utroque latere superhumeralis, memoriale filiis Israël. Portabitque Aaron nomina eorum coram Domino super utrumque humerum, ob recordationem.

Original

Hebrew

English

Fasten both stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear their names on his two shoulders as a memorial before the LORD.

Notes

Exodus 28:12

names on his two shoulders (see Isaiah 9:6): The badge of office on the shoulder indicated what the person was really carrying. Thus, the high priest represented the people before God, and with his royal garments he represented the glory of God before the people.

Exodus 28:6–14

the ephod: The ephod was a kind of apron consisting of front and back pieces joined by shoulder straps and secured with a decorative sash (28:7, 8, 27–28). Moses probably mentions it first because it was a unique garment of the high priest.

Gideon later made a gold ephod. This suggests that people believed the garment had special powers (Judges 8:27).

Exodus 28:1–43

These holy garments for Aaron were to distinguish him as a priest set apart (Hebrew qadash, “consecrated”) for the Lord's service (28:2, 3). The beauty of these garments matched the beauty of the Tent of Meeting, which was God's portable earthly palace (or tabernacle).

One day, Jesus Christ, the true High Priest, would enter the Most Holy Place once for all. Then the difference between priests and people would disappear (Hebrews 10:11–22). Until then, human mediators represented how Christ would fulfill the types of wonderful things God accomplishes for his people.

Theme notes and profiles

Pure Worship Temple Design as a Picture of God's Truth

Events

Tabernacle Builtc. 1490 BC

Related verses

Exodus 28:29
Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place, he shall bear the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of judgment, as a continual reminder before the LORD.
Joshua 4:7
…you are to tell them, ‘The waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD. When it crossed the Jordan, the waters were cut off.’ Therefore these stones will be a memorial to the Israelites forever.”
Exodus 39:6–7
They mounted the onyx stones in gold filigree settings, engraved like a seal with the names of the sons of Israel.
Numbers 16:40
…just as the LORD commanded him through Moses. This was to be a reminder to the Israelites that no outsider who is not a descendant of Aaron should approach to offer incense before the LORD, lest he become like Korah and his followers.
Isaiah 9:6
For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
Leviticus 24:7
And you are to place pure frankincense near each row, so that it may serve as a memorial portion for the bread, a food offering to the LORD.
Numbers 31:54
And Moses and Eleazar the priest received the gold from the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and brought it into the Tent of Meeting as a memorial for the Israelites before the LORD.
Psalm 89:19
You once spoke in a vision; to Your godly ones You said, “I have bestowed help on a warrior; I have exalted one chosen from the people.
Exodus 12:14
And this day will be a memorial for you, and you are to celebrate it as a feast to the LORD, as a permanent statute for the generations to come.
Isaiah 62:6
On your walls, O Jerusalem, I have posted watchmen; they will never be silent day or night. You who call on the LORD shall take no rest for yourselves,
Exodus 28:7
It shall have two shoulder pieces attached at two of its corners, so it can be fastened.
Acts 10:4
Cornelius stared at him in fear and asked, “What is it, Lord?” The angel answered, “Your prayers and gifts to the poor have ascended as a memorial offering before God.

Parallels

Exodus 39:1–7

People

Aaron: Moses' brother, first high priest of Israel Israel: Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of twelve tribes

Glossary

Aaron Beauty Biblical Concept of Law Book of Exodus Deuteronomy, Book of High Priest History of Israel Leviticus, Book of Memorial Priests and Levites Snail Tabernacle Temple

Topics

Ephod: A Sacred Vestment Worn by the High Priest: Described Intercession of Man with God Memorial: Shoulder Stones of the Ephod Onyx used in the Breastplate Precious Stones used for Adorning the High Priest's Ephod Priest: (The Function he Served Was Superior to That of Other Priests): Vestments of Priest: The Time of Moses: Vestments of Stones: Precious in the Breastplate and Ephod The High Priest: Duties of Bearing Before the Lord the Names of Israel for a Memorial Types of the Saviour: High Priest, Typical of the Mediatorship

Exodus 28:12

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