Exodus 19:16

Translations

Modern

On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled.

Traditional

And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.

Literal

And it came to pass on the third day, when it was the morning, that there were voices and lightnings, and a heavy cloud on the mountain, and the voice of the shofar was very mighty. And all the people who were in the camp trembled.

Latin

Jamque advenerat tertius dies, et mane inclaruerat: et ecce cœperunt audiri tonitrua, ac micare fulgura, et nubes densissima operire montem, clangorque buccinæ vehementius perstrepebat: et timuit populus qui erat in castris.

Original

Hebrew

English

On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled.

Notes

Exodus 19:16–25

The final preparation phase included events that helped people accept the covenant. Some of the experiences were visual: lightning and a cloud (19:16), smoke and fire (19:18). The people also heard thunder, a ram’s horn, and the voice of God (19:16, 19). The entire mountain shook violently (19:18). In the Bible, such unusual events are often associated with a theophany, which is a visible appearance of God’s holy presence.

Theme notes and profiles

Moses God’s Covenant with David God’s Covenants The Cloud and Fire

Events

Ten Commandments Given

Related verses

Hebrews 12:18–19
For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched and that is burning with fire; to darkness, gloom, and storm;
Psalm 18:11–14
He made darkness His hiding place, and storm clouds a canopy around Him.
Revelation 4:1
After this I looked and saw a door standing open in heaven. And the voice I had previously heard speak to me like a trumpet was saying, “Come up here, and I will show you what must happen after these things.”
Hebrews 12:21
The sight was so terrifying that even Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.”
Revelation 11:19
Then the temple of God in heaven was opened, and the ark of His covenant appeared in His temple. And there were flashes of lightning, rumblings, peals of thunder, an earthquake, and a great hailstorm.
Revelation 8:5
Then the angel took the censer, filled it with fire from the altar, and hurled it to the earth; and there were peals of thunder, rumblings, flashes of lightning, and an earthquake.
Revelation 4:5
From the throne came flashes of lightning, rumblings, and peals of thunder. Before the throne burned seven torches of fire. These are the seven spirits of God.
Psalm 77:18
Your thunder resounded in the whirlwind; the lightning lit up the world; the earth trembled and quaked.
Job 38:25
Who cuts a channel for the flood or clears a path for the thunderbolt,
Exodus 9:23
So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning struck the earth. So the LORD rained down hail upon the land of Egypt.
Psalm 50:3
Our God approaches and will not be silent! Consuming fire precedes Him, and a tempest rages around Him.
Exodus 20:18
When all the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sounding of the ram’s horn, and the mountain enveloped in smoke, they trembled and stood at a distance.

Glossary

Book of Exodus Covenant Criminal Law and Punishment Deuteronomy, Book of Glory History of Israel John the Baptist Lightning Miracle Mount Sinai Mount, Mountain Shekinah

Topics

Cloud of Glory: Special Appearances of: At Giving of the Law Cloud: Pillar of Darkness the Following Scriptures Darkness: Miraculous: On Mount Sinai God: Appearances of To Moses, at Sinai God: Glory of Law: (Contained in the Books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy): Divine Authority For Miracles: Catalogue of Thundering and Lightning on Mount Sinai Reverence for God Sinai: A Mountain in the Peninsula East of the Red Sea: The Law Delivered to Moses Upon Symbols and Similitudes of the Divine Presence, the Pillar of Cloud Symbols and Similitudes: Thunder on Mount Sinai The Law of Moses: Remarkable Phenomena Connected With, at Giving of The Law of Moses: Terror of Israel at Receiving Thunder: On Mount Sinai Trumpet used at Mount Sinai Trumpet: Miracles Connected With: Heard at Mount Sinai at Giving of the Law

Exodus 19:16

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Events?

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