Daniel 1:6

Their new Babylonian names were meant to help bring the young Hebrews into Babylonian culture. Daniel, whose name means "God is my Judge" or "God has judged," became Belteshazzar, which means "Bel [a Babylonian god] protects his life." Hananiah, whose name means "the Lord is grace," became Shadrach, which may mean "command of Aku," another Babylonian god. Mishael, whose name means "who is God?" became Meshach, which means "who is Aku?" Azariah, whose name means "the Lord helps," became Abednego, which means "servant of Nego/Nebo," another Babylonian god.

The Lord carried out his warning that sons of the royal family would serve in Babylon (Isaiah 39:7), even though they were heirs to the promises given to King David and his family. Nebuchadnezzar tried hard to convert them through education, social and religious pressure, and name changes. However, their influence on their pagan surroundings became the most notable aspect of their time at the king’s palace and court.

God kept his promise by sending his rebellious people into exile (see Jeremiah 25:11–12; 29:10). He also showed grace to a small group (a remnant) in exile, protecting and helping Daniel and three other young Hebrew captives. These young men received the best training available in the Babylonian king’s court. This prepared them to be God’s witnesses in Babylon. They made the God of Israel known even while in exile.