Keraia
2 Timothy 4

2 Timothy 4:21

Final Greetings · 2 Timothy 4:19–22
Read 2 Timothy 4

Translations

Modern
Make every effort to come to me before winter. Eubulus sends you greetings, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers.
Traditional
Do thy diligence to come before winter. Eubulus greeteth thee, and Pudens, and Linus, and Claudia, and all the brethren.
Literal
Be diligent to come before winter. Eubulus greets you, and Pudens, and Linus, and Claudia, and all the brothers.
Latin
Festina ante hiemem venire. Salutant te Eubulus, et Pudens, et Linus, et Claudia, et fratres omnes.

Original

Greek
English
Make every effort to come to me before winter. Eubulus sends you greetings, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers.

Notes

2 Timothy 4:21

  • before winter: Paul probably worried about a long delay if Timothy missed the chance to travel in the fall (see 1:4; 4:9). Winter weather interrupted travel across the Adriatic Sea from November to March (see Acts 27:12). Paul might also have been eager to receive his cloak for the cold prison (2 Timothy 4:13). The New Testament does not mention Eubulus elsewhere. But he was obviously well-known to Timothy.

  • Pudens was a name used by upper-class families.

  • Linus: Both the bishop Eusebius and the bishop Irenaeus later identified Linus as the first bishop of Rome.

  • The New Testament does not mention Claudia elsewhere.

  • brothers: Greek adelphoi, a term for family members, both male and female.

2 Timothy 4:19–21

Like in many of Paul's letters, this one ends with greetings and final instructions (for example, Romans 16:1–23; 1 Corinthians 16:19–21; 2 Corinthians 13:12).

Theme notes and profiles

Paul (Saul)

Parallels

Ephesians 6:21–24 Philippians 4:21–23

People

Claudia: Believer in Rome who sent greetings to Timothy Eubulus: Greeted by Paul in his letter to Timothy Linus: Christian in Rome; greeted by Paul Pudens: Christian in Rome who greeted Timothy

Glossary

Claudia Eubulus Linus Paul the Apostle Pudens Timothy, Second Letter to

Topics

Claudia: A Female Disciple Eubulus: A Friend of Paul Linus: A Christian at Rome Pudens: A Christian in Rome Rome: Christians In Winter: Unsuited For: Travelling