Leviticus 11:13

Translations

Modern

Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Traditional

And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

Literal

And these you shall detest from the birds; they shall not be eaten; they are an abomination: The eagle, and the bearded vulture, and the black vulture,

Latin

Hæc sunt quæ de avibus comedere non debetis, et vitanda sunt vobis: aquilam, et gryphem, et haliæetum,

Original

Hebrew

English

Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Notes

Leviticus 11:13–19

The list of ceremonially unclean birds includes birds of prey and scavengers. These birds often touch dead animals and blood, making them unclean and unfit for eating and offerings. Bats fly but are not birds (Leviticus 11:19). So, they are "abnormal" and ceremonially unclean.

Leviticus 11:1–15:33

These chapters explain the rules about purity. Mixing different types of animals was forbidden (see Deuteronomy 22:9–11). This is because it opposed God's natural order. Creatures like fish without fins and scales, meat-eating animals, crawling insects, and animals without split hooves were considered "abnormal." They crossed the boundaries between "normal" types and were not suitable for food or offerings (see also Deuteronomy 14:1–21). The dietary laws intended to set Israel apart as a holy people from other nations (Leviticus 11:44–45).

Theme notes and profiles

Ancient Law Codes Clean, Unclean, and Holy

Related verses

Job 39:27–30
Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high?
Lamentations 4:19
Those who chased us were swifter than the eagles in the sky; they pursued us over the mountains and ambushed us in the wilderness.
Romans 1:28–32
Furthermore, since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, He gave them up to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done.
Deuteronomy 14:12–20
…but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,
Romans 3:13–17
“Their throats are open graves; their tongues practice deceit.” “The venom of vipers is on their lips.”
Matthew 24:28
Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.
Titus 3:3
For at one time we too were foolish, disobedient, misled, and enslaved to all sorts of desires and pleasures—living in malice and envy, being hated and hating one another.
Habakkuk 1:8
Their horses are swifter than leopards, fiercer than wolves of the night. Their horsemen charge ahead, and their cavalry comes from afar. They fly like a vulture, swooping down to devour.
Jeremiah 4:22
“For My people are fools; they have not known Me. They are foolish children, without understanding. They are skilled in doing evil, but they know not how to do good.”
Job 28:7
No bird of prey knows that path; no falcon’s eye has seen it.
Hosea 8:1
Put the ram’s horn to your lips! An eagle looms over the house of the LORD, because the people have transgressed My covenant and rebelled against My law.
Jeremiah 4:13
Behold, he advances like the clouds, his chariots like the whirlwind. His horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we are ruined!

Leviticus 11:13

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