Keraia
Joshua 20

Joshua 20:9

Six Cities of Refuge · Joshua 20:1–9
Read Joshua 20

Translations

Modern
These are the cities appointed for all the Israelites and foreigners among them, so that anyone who kills a person unintentionally may flee there and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood prior to standing trial before the assembly.
Traditional
These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth any person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
Literal
These were the cities appointed for all the sons of Israel, and for the sojourner who is sojourning in their midst, for the fleeing there of anyone striking a person in error, that he would not die by the hand of the avenger of the blood until his standing before the face of the congregation.
Latin
Hæ civitates constitutæ sunt cunctis filiis Israël, et advenis qui habitabant inter eos, ut fugeret ad eas qui animam nescius percussisset, et non moreretur in manu proximi, effusum sanguinem vindicare cupientis, donec staret ante populum expositurus causam suam.

Original

Hebrew
English
These are the cities appointed for all the Israelites and foreigners among them, so that anyone who kills a person unintentionally may flee there and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood prior to standing trial before the assembly.

Notes

Joshua 20:9

Israel's treatment of foreigners was an important advance in human relations. The law required that foreign residents in Israel receive the same justice as native Israelites (see Exodus 22:21; Leviticus 19:33–34; 24:22; Numbers 15:15–16).

Joshua 20:7–9

Joshua chose six cities of refuge. Three were on the east side of the Jordan River and three were on the west side. From anywhere in the land, people could reach one of these well-known Levitical cities within two days of travel.

Joshua 20:1–21:45

Before they fully divided the land, Joshua had to establish six cities of refuge and assign cities in which the Levites would live.

Joshua 13:1–21:45

  • As he had promised, God brought Israel into the land. Joshua then focused on dividing the land among Israel's tribes.

  • The tribal allowances made the covenant of the Israelites with God real. It showed the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Since God owned the land, giving it to the tribes was a gift. God gave them the land to live in and guided its distribution.

  • In these lists of tribal allowances, the author describes some borders in great detail, allowing them to be mapped. With others, they are less plainly defined.

Theme notes and profiles

Joshua Inheriting the Land The Cities of Refuge

Parallels

Numbers 35:9–34 Deuteronomy 4:41–43 Deuteronomy 19:1–14

People

Israel: Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of twelve tribes

Glossary

Foreigner Joshua (Person) Joshua, Book of Judges, Book of Numbers, Book of Tribe of Dan

Topics

Aliens: Rights of Avenger of Blood: Scriptures Relating To Homicide: Accidental Refuge: Cities of List of