Keraia
Hebrews 1

Hebrews 1:13

The Supremacy of the Son · Hebrews 1:1–14
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Translations

Modern
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?
Traditional
But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
Literal
Now to which of the angels has He ever said: “Sit at My right hand until I shall place Your enemies as a footstool for Your feet”?
Latin
Ad quem autem angelorum dixit aliquando: Sede a dextris meis, quoadusque ponam inimicos tuos scabellum pedum tuorum?

Original

Greek
English
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?

Notes

Hebrews 1:13

  • The author ends this series of Old Testament quotes by citing Psalm 110:1. This verse celebrates Christ's exaltation (see also study notes on Luke 20:42–43; 22:69; 1 Corinthians 15:25; Ephesians 1:19–22).

  • The image of the Son's enemies as a footstool under his feet shows their complete defeat (see Hebrews 2:8). In ancient times, a victorious king would place his foot on an enemy's neck or back as a sign of control.

Hebrews 1:5–14

In these ten verses, the writer uses many Old Testament passages to prove that Jesus is greater than the angels. In ancient Jewish and Christian teaching, people often placed several Old Testament passages together in a row. This practice was called “chain quotations” or “pearl stringing.” The goal was to convince the listeners or readers of a truth by giving a strong group of scriptural proofs at once.

Parallels

Colossians 1:15–23

Glossary

Ascension of Christ Bible, Manuscripts and Text of the (New Testament) Footstool Hebrews, Letter to the Psalms, Book of

Topics

Angel (A Spirit): Unclassified Scriptures Relating To Stool: Footstool: Enemies of Jesus