1 Samuel 20:16

Translations

Modern

So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the LORD hold David’s enemies accountable.”

Traditional

So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the Lord even require it at the hand of David’s enemies.

Literal

And Jonathan cut with the house of David: “And may YHWH seek it at the hand of the enemies of David.”

Latin

Pepigit ergo Jonathas fœdus cum domo David: et requisivit Dominus de manu inimicorum David.

Original

Hebrew

English

So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the LORD hold David’s enemies accountable.”

Notes

1 Samuel 20:14–16

loving devotion: The Hebrew word ḥesed refers to loyal love and faithfulness to a covenant (see study note on 1 Samuel 20:8). Jonathan reminded David to keep his commitment to him when David became king. Jonathan’s concern was reasonable. In the ancient world, a new king might kill members of the former royal family to remove rivals to the throne. Saul later made a similar request of David (1 Samuel 24:21).

Theme notes and profiles

David Jeroboam I Jonathan Saul David's Response to Unfriendly Leaders

Events

Reign of Saul

Related verses

1 Samuel 25:22
May God punish David, and ever so severely, if I let one male belonging to Nabal survive until morning.”
1 Samuel 18:3
Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself.
2 Samuel 21:8
But the king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons whom Rizpah daughter of Aiah had borne to Saul, as well as the five sons whom Merab daughter of Saul had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite.
1 Samuel 31:2
The Philistines hotly pursued Saul and his sons, and they killed Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua.
2 Samuel 4:7–8
They had entered the house while Ish-bosheth was lying on his bed, and having stabbed and killed him, they beheaded him, took his head, and traveled all night by way of the Arabah.
Genesis 15:18
On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your descendants I have given this land—from the river of Egypt to the great River Euphrates—

People

David: Anointed king of Israel, ancestor of Jesus Christ Jonathan: Eldest son of King Saul and friend of David

Glossary

Altar Covenant David Samuel, Books of First and Second

Topics

Alliances: Ratification of by Oaths Constancy: Jonathan Covenant: Jonathan and David Oath: Jonathan and David Confirm a Covenant By Oaths used for Confirming Covenants

1 Samuel 20:16

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