1 Samuel 14:3

Translations

Modern

…including Ahijah, who was wearing an ephod. He was the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub son of Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest of the LORD in Shiloh. But the troops did not know that Jonathan had left.

Traditional

And Ahiah, the son of Ahitub, I–chabod’s brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the Lord’s priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And the people knew not that Jonathan was gone.

Literal

And Ahijah son of Ahitub, brother of Ichabod, son of Phinehas, son of Eli priest of YHWH in Shiloh, was wearing an ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.

Latin

Et Achias filius Achitob fratris Ichabod filii Phinees, qui ortus fuerat ex Heli sacerdote Domini in Silo, portabat ephod. Sed et populus ignorabat quo isset Jonathas.

Original

Hebrew

English

…including Ahijah, who was wearing an ephod. He was the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub son of Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest of the LORD in Shiloh. But the troops did not know that Jonathan had left.

Notes

1 Samuel 14:3

Ahijah the priest served as an adviser to Saul. He could seek God’s guidance for Saul by using the ephod (a sacred garment used to ask God for direction, 1 Samuel 14:18–19; see also 1 Samuel 2:18 and study note on 1 Samuel 2:18; 1 Samuel 23:9–10).
son of Eli: Saul, the rejected king (1 Samuel 13:13–14), kept a priest from the rejected priesthood with him (1 Samuel 2:27–36).
Ichabod: See 1 Samuel 4:21.

1 Samuel 14:1–15

Jonathan again fought in his father's battles (see also 1 Samuel 13:2–4; 31).

1 Samuel 14:1–52

Saul's actions in this chapter further support his removal as king (1 Samuel 13:8–14; see also 15). Saul was estranged from both Samuel and his brave son Jonathan. 1 Samuel 14 foreshadows Jonathan's important role in the shift from Saul's rule to David's.

Theme notes and profiles

Jonathan Samuel Saul The Philistines

Events

Reign of Saul

Related verses

1 Samuel 22:20
But one of the sons of Ahimelech son of Ahitub escaped. His name was Abiathar, and he fled to David.
1 Samuel 2:28
And out of all the tribes of Israel I selected your father to be My priest, to offer sacrifices on My altar, to burn incense, and to wear an ephod in My presence. I also gave to the house of your father all the food offerings of the Israelites.
1 Samuel 4:21
And she named the boy Ichabod, saying, “The glory has departed from Israel,” because the ark of God had been captured and her father-in-law and her husband had been killed.
1 Samuel 22:9–12
But Doeg the Edomite, who had stationed himself with Saul’s servants, answered: “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob.
Exodus 28:26–32
Make two more gold rings and attach them to the other two corners of the breastpiece, on the inside edge next to the ephod.

People

Ahimelech: High Priest at Nob who helped David, killed by Saul Ahitub: Father of Ahimelech, High Priest at Nob killed by Saul Eli: High priest and judge of Israel at Shiloh Ichabod: Son of Phinehas, born when the ark was captured Jonathan: Eldest son of King Saul and friend of David Phinehas: Wicked son of Eli the priest

Places

Shiloh: Israelite sanctuary and assembly point during the judges' period

Glossary

Ahijah Ahitub Bethel (Place), Bethelite Ichabod Jonathan Michmash Philistia, Philistines Phinehas Samuel, Books of First and Second Zadok

Topics

Ahiah: Grandson of Phinehas Ahijah: A Priest in Shiloh, Probably Identical with Ahimelech, Mentioned In was Priest in Saul's Reign Ahitub: High Priest, Father of Ahiah I-Chabod: Son of Phinehas, and Grandson of Eli Jonathan: Son of Saul: Victory of, Over the Philistines at Michmash The Ephod: Worn by The High Priest The Philistines: Jonathan and his Armour-Bearer Smote a Garrison of, at The

1 Samuel 14:3

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Related verses

Glossary

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