1 Chronicles 18:3

Translations

Modern

As far as Hamath, David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, who had marched out to establish his dominion along the Euphrates River.

Traditional

And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

Literal

And David defeated Hadadezer king of Zobah as far as Hamath in his going to establish his hand by the river Euphrates.

Latin

Eo tempore percussit David etiam Adarezer regem Soba regionis Hemath, quando perrexit ut dilataret imperium suum usque ad flumen Euphraten.

Original

Hebrew

English

As far as Hamath, David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, who had marched out to establish his dominion along the Euphrates River.

Notes

1 Chronicles 18:2–13

David conquered areas east of the Jordan River in stages. First, he took over Moab in the south, securing control of the plateau north of the Arnon River. His victory over the Aramean alliance led by Hadadezer resulted in an alliance with King Toi of Hamath, who was Hadadezer's enemy (1 Chronicles 18:9–11). After defeating Ammon and the Arameans east of the Jordan, David expanded his control over southern Edom and gained access to a southern seaport (1 Chronicles 18:12–13).

1 Chronicles 18:1–17

These war records describe how David expanded his kingdom by conquering:

They include details about David’s international relations, the treasures he gained, and the tributes he received (1 Chronicles 18:7–11). A common theme is that the Lord gave David victory wherever he went (1 Chronicles 18:6, 13).

1 Chronicles 18:1–20:8

This section tells about David's wars and military successes, showing him as a great warrior in Israel's history. It focuses on the public and political sides of David's enemies, with little about their private lives.
There are three main parts that match accounts in Samuel:
1. Battles during the kingdom's expansion (1 Chronicles 18:1–17; see 2 Samuel 8:1–16)
2. The battle against the Ammonites (1 Chronicles 19:1–20:3; see 2 Samuel 10:1–11:1; 12:30–31)
3. The deeds of David's mighty men (1 Chronicles 20:4–8; see 2 Samuel 21:18–22)
Each part starts with a time transition (some time later) that loosely connects these events (1 Chronicles 18:1; 19:1; 20:4).

Theme notes and profiles

David

Related verses

Psalm 60:1
For the choirmaster. To the tune of “The Lily of the Covenant.” A Miktam of David for instruction. When he fought Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, and Joab returned and struck down 12,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. You have rejected us, O God; You have broken us; You have been angry; restore us!
2 Samuel 8:3
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.
Genesis 15:18
On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your descendants I have given this land—from the river of Egypt to the great River Euphrates—
Exodus 23:31
And I will establish your borders from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the Euphrates. For I will deliver the inhabitants into your hand, and you will drive them out before you.
2 Samuel 10:6
When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob.
1 Samuel 14:47
After Saul had assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side—the Moabites, the Ammonites, the Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he routed them.

Parallels

2 Samuel 8:1–14 Psalm 60:1–12

People

David: Anointed king of Israel, ancestor of Jesus Christ Hadadezer: King of Zobah, defeated by David

Places

Euphrates: Major river in ancient Near East; boundary of Promised Land Zobah: An Aramean kingdom, enemy of Israel during David's reign

Glossary

Aram of Damascus Chronicles, Books of First and Second Genealogy Hadadezer History of Israel Palestine Zobah

Topics

Euphrates: The Eastern Limit of the Kingdom of Israel Hadadezer: King of Zobah, Vanquished by David Hamath: David Receives Gifts of Gold and Silver from Toi, King of Moabites: David Conquers Zobah: Conquest of, by David

1 Chronicles 18:3

Translations?

Original?

Notes?

Related verses?

Parallels?