Definition
a primitive root; to grudge, i.e. avenge or punish
Traditional renderings: avenge(-r, self), punish, revenge (self), × surely, take vengeance.
Traditional renderings: avenge(-r, self), punish, revenge (self), × surely, take vengeance.
In the Greek Old Testament
How the ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament renders נָקַם:
- ἐκδικέωekdikeō“to avenge”50%
- ἐξανίστημιexanistēmi“to raise up”8%
- δίκηdikē“condemnation”8%
- κρίσιςkrisis“judgment”8%
- πολεμέωpolemeō“to fight”8%
- ἀνταποδίδωμιantapodidōmi“to repay”8%
- ἀμύνωamunō“to defend”8%
Usage patterns
Occurrences
35 total
- Genesis 4:15יֻקָּ֑ם · [then Cain] will be avenged“Not so!” replied the LORD. “If anyone slays Cain, then Cain will be avenged sevenfold.” And the LORD placed a mark on Cain, so that no one who found him would kill him.
- Genesis 4:24יֻקַּם־ · is avengedIf Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold.”
- Exodus 21:20נָקֹ֖ם · he shall surely be punished; יִנָּקֵֽם׃If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished.
- Exodus 21:21יֻקַּ֔ם · be punishedHowever, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.
- Leviticus 19:18תִקֹּ֤ם · seek revengeDo not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.
- Leviticus 26:25נֹקֶ֙מֶת֙ · to executeAnd I will bring a sword against you to execute the vengeance of the covenant. Though you withdraw into your cities, I will send a plague among you, and you will be delivered into the hand of the enemy.
- Numbers 31:2נְקֹ֗ם · Take vengeance“Take vengeance on the Midianites for the Israelites. After that, you will be gathered to your people.”
- Deuteronomy 32:43יִקּ֑וֹם · He will avengeRejoice, O heavens, with Him, and let all God’s angels worship Him. Rejoice, O nations, with His people; for He will avenge the blood of His children. He will take vengeance on His adversaries and repay those who hate Him; He will cleanse His land and His people.
- Joshua 10:13יִקֹּ֥ם · took vengeanceSo the sun stood still and the moon stopped until the nation took vengeance upon its enemies. Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? “So the sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day.”
- Judges 15:7נִקַּ֥מְתִּי · I have taken vengeanceAnd Samson told them, “Because you have done this, I will not rest until I have taken vengeance upon you.”
- Judges 16:28וְאִנָּקְמָ֧ה · I may pay backThen Samson called out to the LORD: “O Lord GOD, please remember me. Strengthen me, O God, just once more, so that with one vengeful blow I may pay back the Philistines for my two eyes.”
- 1 Samuel 14:24וְנִקַּמְתִּי֙ · before I have taken vengeanceNow the men of Israel were in distress that day, for Saul had placed the troops under an oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food before evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the troops tasted any food.
- 1 Samuel 18:25לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם · as revengeSaul replied, “Say to David, ‘The king desires no other dowry but a hundred Philistine foreskins as revenge on his enemies.’” But Saul intended to cause David’s death at the hands of the Philistines.
- 1 Samuel 24:12וּנְקָמַ֥נִי · take vengeanceMay the LORD judge between you and me, and may the LORD take vengeance on you, but my hand will never be against you.
- 2 Kings 9:7וְנִקַּמְתִּ֞י · so that I may avengeAnd you are to strike down the house of your master Ahab, so that I may avenge the blood of My servants the prophets and the blood of all the servants of the LORD shed by the hand of Jezebel.
- Esther 8:13לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם · to avenge themselvesA copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
- Psalm 8:2וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃ · and avengerFrom the mouths of children and infants You have ordained praise on account of Your adversaries, to silence the enemy and avenger.
- Psalm 44:16וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃ · bent on revenge…at the voice of the scorner and reviler, because of the enemy, bent on revenge.
- Psalm 99:8וְ֝נֹקֵ֗ם · yet an avengerO LORD our God, You answered them. You were a forgiving God to them, yet an avenger of their misdeeds.
- Isaiah 1:24וְאִנָּקְמָ֖ה · and avenge MyselfTherefore the Lord GOD of Hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, declares: “Ah, I will be relieved of My foes and avenge Myself on My enemies.
- Jeremiah 5:9תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם · avengeShould I not punish them for these things?” declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?
- Jeremiah 5:29תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם · avengeShould I not punish them for these things?” declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?
- Jeremiah 9:9תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם · avengeShould I not punish them for these things? declares the LORD. Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?”
- Jeremiah 15:15וְהִנָּ֤קֶם · Avenge meYou understand, O LORD; remember me and attend to me. Avenge me against my persecutors. In Your patience, do not take me away. Know that I endure reproach for Your honor.
- Jeremiah 46:10לְהִנָּקֵ֣ם · againstFor that day belongs to the Lord GOD of Hosts, a day of vengeance against His foes. The sword will devour until it is satisfied, until it is quenched with their blood. For the Lord GOD of Hosts will hold a sacrifice in the land of the north by the River Euphrates.
- Jeremiah 50:15הִנָּ֣קְמוּ · take out your vengeanceRaise a war cry against her on every side! She has thrown up her hands in surrender; her towers have fallen; her walls are torn down. Since this is the vengeance of the LORD, take out your vengeance upon her; as she has done, do the same to her.
- Jeremiah 51:36וְנִקַּמְתִּ֖י · and take vengeanceTherefore this is what the LORD says: “Behold, I will plead your case and take vengeance on your behalf; I will dry up her sea and make her springs run dry.
- Ezekiel 24:8לִנְקֹ֣ם · and take vengeanceIn order to stir up wrath and take vengeance, I have placed her blood on the bare rock, so that it would not be covered.’
- Ezekiel 25:12בִּנְקֹ֥ם · vengefully; וְנִקְּמ֥וּ · and in [so doing]This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because Edom acted vengefully against the house of Judah, and in so doing incurred grievous guilt,
- Ezekiel 25:15וַיִּנָּקְמ֤וּ · takingThis is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because the Philistines acted in vengeance, taking vengeance with malice of soul to destroy Judah with ancient hostility,
- Nahum 1:2וְנֹקֵם֙ · and avenging; נֹקֵ֥ם · is avenging; נֹקֵ֤ם · takes vengeanceThe LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.