Mark 13:27

When the Son of Man comes, he will gather his chosen people. These are those who believe in him and follow him. His chosen people come from all over the world and from the farthest parts of the earth and heaven (see Zechariah 2:6; see Deuteronomy 13:7; 30:4; Isaiah 42:10; 62:11). This hope is expressed frequently in the Old Testament (for example, Psalm 107:2–3; Isaiah 11:11–16; 27:12–13; 43:5–13; 49:12; 60:1–9; Jeremiah 31:10).

For Mark’s audience, this passage would have encouraged them to endure and remain faithful despite the persecutions foretold in Mark 13:9–13. The coming of the Son of Man will also bring judgment on the unrighteous (see 8:38; 13:32–37; Matthew 13:41–43; 24:36–51; 25:1–12, 31–46).

But in those days, after that tribulation: Many scholars think this passage uses symbolic or figurative language. They believe the signs in the sky 13:24–25), the coming of the Son of Man (13:26), and the gathering of God’s chosen people (13:27) all point to Jerusalem’s destruction in AD 70. They also believe this event showed that the Son of Man had been proved right.

However, the traditional interpretation is different. It says that the earlier verses refer to the destruction of Jerusalem, but this passage refers to the coming of the Son of Man. This coming, called the parousia (the return of Christ), will happen at the end of history.

This interpretation fits better for several reasons:

1. After the anguish of those days means after the destruction of Jerusalem, not during it, and at that time (literally in those days) could occur at any time after the events of 13:5–23.

2. Several words used in 13:26 are used elsewhere to describe the coming of the Son of Man: glory (8:38), power and clouds (14:62).

3. Because of the early church’s longing and praying for the return of the Lord Jesus (1 Corinthians 16:22; Rev 22:20), Mark’s audience would have interpreted Mark 13:26 as the second coming of Jesus, which will bring history as we know it to a close.

The prophets, Jesus, and the Gospel writers described these events as if they were seen together from far away. Because of this, the time between the events is not always clear. No one knows when these things will happen except God himself (13:32). The events of 13:5–23 and 13:24–27 are part of one great act of God. This act includes the coming of the Son of Man, his ministry, death, and resurrection, the judgment of Jerusalem in AD 70, and the Son of Man’s final coming in glory.

This passage brings to a conclusion the section begun at 11:1. Israel did not produce spiritual fruit (11:12–26; 12:38–40). Its leaders were opposed to God's chosen one, the Christ (11:1–11, 27–33; 12:13–17, 18–27). This would result in judgment and the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple.