Translations
Original
Notes
bridle his tongue: James uses this image to show that controlling your tongue reflects the condition of your heart and direction of life (compare 3:1–13).
orphans and widows were the most vulnerable people in ancient society. They relied on others for support because the husband and father provided economic help and social connections (Exodus 22:22–24; Deuteronomy 10:18). God calls Christians to especially care for those who are helpless (compare 1 Timothy 5:3–16).
In James, the world is hostile to God (compare James 3:15; 4:4; Romans 12:2; 1 John 2:15–17).
James discusses three topics from 1:2–11 and adds new insights to each. External challenges (in 1:2–4) become internal temptations (in 1:11–18). The need for wisdom (in 1:5–8) connects to controlling angry speech (in 1:19–21). Poverty and wealth relate to acting on God's word (1:22–25). This section then summarizes these ideas (1:26–27).
Glossary
Topics
Bad Words Boastfulness Bridle: Figurative Character of the Unrenewed Heart: Deceived Co-Signing Different Religions Doer of the Word Happy Hurtful Words Hypocrisy: General Scriptures Concerning Insults Living a Christian Life Other Religions Our Tongue Physical Appearance Power of the Tongue Power of Words Self-Deception: General Scriptures Concerning Slander: Men Shall Give Account For Speaking: Evil Speaking: Wisdom In Swear Words Swearing and Cursing Taming your Tongue The Power of the Tongue The Tongue True Religion Using Profanity Vanity: The Religion of Hypocrites Is Vulgarity Works: Unclassified Scriptures Relating To