Translations
Original
Notes
God's justice requires him to punish sin to correct behavior and purify. The exile in Babylon happened to cleanse Israel's wickedness and remove all of Israel's sins (see Romans 11:27).
This aimed to end all pagan worship in Israel, including the incense altars and the poles used for worshiping the goddess Asherah.
Isaiah reminded readers of the reasons for the exile and judgment:
Israel’s sinfulness,
God’s righteous judgment, and
the absence of divine compassion.
This section is often called the Little Apocalypse. It is given this name because it has similarities to the book of Revelation.
In these chapters, Isaiah moves from his present time into a vision of the future. The language is broad and universal. Because of this, it is difficult to connect the events to one specific historical situation.
These chapters are not meant to provide a detailed timeline of future events. They are not a historical blueprint. Instead, Isaiah uses vivid images to describe a dramatic future world that is both similar to and different from the present.
The vision includes elements of both the old age and the new age. For example, the people of Zion are described as righteous (new), yet they still wait for their full redemption (old). This pattern fits with the New Testament teaching that the future age has already begun but has not yet fully arrived (2 Corinthians 4:4; Galatians 1:4).
Peter wrote that believers were already living in the last days (1 Peter 1:12; 2 Peter 3:3). At the same time, he said that the final day of the Lord is still future (2 Peter 3:10). These passages show that the present age and the future age overlap.
Events
- Prophecies of Isaiahc. 759 BC
Parallels
People
Asherah: Canaanite goddess; associated with wooden poles, idolatry Israel: Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of twelve tribes
Glossary
Bible, Quotations of the Old Testament in the New Testament Chalkstone Expiation Isaiah, Book of
Topics
Afflictions and Adversities: Benefits of Altar used in Idolatrous Worship Chalk: General Scriptures Concerning Groves: Forbidden to be Established Idolatry: Prophecies Relating To