Translations
Original
Notes
The five cities of the Plain were close together near the south end of the Dead Sea. The Mesopotamian kings crushed the weak revolt, plundered Sodom and Gomorrah, and carried Lot away with the other captives.
In this typical ancient political conflict, powerful kings allied to control smaller dependent states.
People
Amraphel: King of Shinar, ally of Chedorlaomer Arioch: King of Ellasar, ally of Chedorlaomer Chedorlaomer: King of Elam, led coalition against Sodom and Gomorrah Goiim: A king of Goyim who fought alongside Chedorlaomer Tidal: King of Goiim, ally of Chedorlaomer
Places
Elam: Ancient kingdom east of Babylon; ally and enemy of Israel Ellasar: Mesopotamian city-state; allied with Elam against Sodom and Gomorrah Shinar: Ancient region in Mesopotamia, associated with Babylon
Glossary
Amraphel Arioch Bible, Manuscripts and Text of the (New Testament) Chedorlaomer Cities of the Plain Ebla Tablets Ellasar Genesis, Book of Goiim Kedorlaomer King’s Highway Lot Melchizedek Palestine Patriarchs, Period of the Siddim Valley Tidal Travel
Topics
Abraham: Defeats Chedorlaomer Amraphel: King of Shinar Arioch: King of Ellasar Babylon: Empire of Called Land of Shinar Birsha: A King of Gomorrah Chedorlaomer: King of Elam Elam: A District Southeast of Babylon, on Persian Gulf Ellasar: Its King Invades Canaan Lot: The Son of Haran: Taken Captive by Chedorlaomer; Rescued by Abraham Sodom: King of, Joins Other Kings of the Nations Resisting the Invasion of Chedorlaomer Tidal: King of Nations (Rv , Goiim)