Genesis 1:8

The Creation · Genesis 1:1–31
Read Genesis 1

Translations

Modern
God called the expanse “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.
Traditional
And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
Literal
And God called the firmament “Heavens.” And there was evening and there was morning—the second day.
Latin
Vocavitque Deus firmamentum, Cælum: et factum est vespere et mane, dies secundus.

Original

Hebrew
English
God called the expanse “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.

Notes

The creation story describes how things appear from a human perspective. The sky looks like a shiny dome separating two groups of water (see Job 37:18; Ezekiel 1:22). In the ancient Near East, people understood the universe to have three levels, with rain coming from the highest level (see Genesis 7:11–12 and study note).

In the first three days, God shaped the formless world into a place where people and animals could live.

  • These verses introduce the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Bible). They teach Israel that one true God created, ordered, and populated the world, not the gods of nearby nations.

  • God blessed three specific things:

    These three blessings emphasize the Creator's plan. God made humans in his image to rule in his place over earth's creatures and to join in God's Sabbath rest.

Events

Parallels

John 1:1–5 Hebrews 11:1–3

Glossary

Animals Bible, Manuscripts and Text of the (New Testament) Book of Revelation Chronology of the Bible (Old Testament) Creation Creation Myths Darkness Fall of Man Firmament Genesis, Book of God, Names of Hebrew Language Image of God Land Man Mesopotamia Monotheism New Creation, New Creature Night Patriarchs, Period of the Peter, Second Letter of Sea Woman Word, Word of God, Words of God

Topics

Creation: Order of Second Day, Making the Firmament or Atmosphere, Day: A Creative Period Firmament: The Expanse Above the Earth God: Creator Jesus, the Christ: Unclassified Scriptures Relating to the Divinity of Morning: The Second Part of the Day at the Creation