Keraia
Ephesians 2

Ephesians 2:3

Alive with Christ · Ephesians 2:1–10
Read Ephesians 2

Translations

Modern
All of us also lived among them at one time, fulfilling the cravings of our flesh and indulging its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature children of wrath.
Traditional
Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
Literal
…among whom we all also once conducted ourselves in the desires of our flesh, doing the desires of the flesh and of its thoughts; and we were by nature children of wrath even as the rest.
Latin
…in quibus et nos omnes aliquando conversati sumus in desideriis carnis nostræ, facientes voluntatem carnis et cogitationum, et eramus natura filii iræ, sicut et ceteri:

Original

Greek
English
All of us also lived among them at one time, fulfilling the cravings of our flesh and indulging its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature children of wrath.

Notes

Ephesians 2:3

People who have not converted are naturally controlled by their strong desires and sinful nature (see Rom 3:9–20, 23). Because of their sin, they are subject to God’s anger, because God hates sin (see Ephesians 5:6; Romans 1:18; 2:5, 8; 3:5, 19; 4:15; 5:9; 9:22; 12:19; 13:4–5; Colossians 3:6; 1 Thessalonians 1:10; 2:16; 5:9).

Ephesians 2:1–3

Paul describes how the people he was writing to were in a terrible spiritual condition before they believed in Jesus Christ. He says they were like dead people in their relationship with God (see 2:5; Colossians 2:13). This spiritual death happened because of their disobedience and sins. They regularly did things that went against God's will and broke his commands.

Paul explains that their sinful actions were influenced by the power of the devil. The devil was working in their lives, leading them away from God and toward wrongdoing.

Because of this situation, the people Paul wrote to were under God's judgment. They were condemned along with everyone else in the world who did not follow God.

Ephesians 2:1–10

Paul thinks about how difficult life was for the believers before they found Christ. He appreciates God's grace for saving them.

Parallels

Colossians 2:6–23

Glossary

Adoption Bible, Manuscripts and Text of the (New Testament) Letter to the Ephesians Man, Old and New Sin Wrath of God

Topics

Being Born in Sin Depravity Depravity of Man: General Scriptures Concerning God's Wrath Growing Up Hateful Words Heredity: General Scriptures Concerning Original Sin Salvation: Unclassified Scriptures Relating To Selfishness Selfishness: All Men Addicted To The Fall of Man: Man in Consequence of a Child of Wrath Titles and Names of the Wicked: Children of Wrath Total Depravity Wicked (People): Described