Just as Assyria was a weapon of God's wrath (Isaiah 9:4; 10:5, 15), other nations act as the Lord’s weapons and carry out his will. The Medes and Persians conquered Babylon in 539 BC.
God’s wrath shows his justice and his intent to restore order by destroying evildoers (Isaiah 10:25–26; see Lamentations 2:22; Ezekiel 7:19).