King Sihon of Heshbon, ruler of the Amorites, had controlled an area from the Arnon River to the Ammonite border. See Numbers 21:31–35.
Heshbon: See Deuteronomy 1:4; 2:24.
King Og of Bashan had ruled an Amorite kingdom east of the Sea of Galilee (see 3:1).