This list shows the main ideas of the false teachers' teachings and their spiritual condition. It also demonstrates how superior the good news is over the law (see Matthew 5:20; Galatians 5:22–23).
who is averse to sound teaching: See also 1 Timothy 6:3–4; 2 Timothy 1:13; 4:3; Titus 1:9, 13; 2:1, 8. This addition to the list is both a final summary and a strong statement. The good news about Jesus now defines what makes a person right with God more effectively than the law. But the law still addresses anything that opposes the gospel. The false teachers focused on the law, emphasizing their rejection of Paul's teaching.