The parable ends with two rhetorical questions (compare 3:23, 33; 4:13; 7:18; 8:12). The first question matches the response of the “LORD of Hosts” in Isaiah’s parable of the vineyard (Isaiah 5:5–7).
Some interpreters believe Jesus meant that God would replace the unfaithful Jewish leaders (Mark 11:27; 12:12) with faithful leaders. However, the first people hearing Mark’s Gospel likely understood the others who would receive the vineyard to include the Gentile church (compare Matthew 21:43; Romans 9:25–33; 11:13–24).
In this way, the parable of Jesus is connected to the coming destruction of Jerusalem (Mark 11:15–19; 13:1–37; 14:58; 15:29).