Some scholars believe Azal (Hebrew ’atsal) is a district on the northeast side of Jerusalem, where Azel's descendants lived (1 Chronicles 8:37–39; 9:43–44). Others suggest changing the Hebrew to ’etsel, meaning “alongside” or “the side of it.”
The date of the earthquake during King Uzziah's time is unknown, but Amos started his ministry two years before it (Amos 1:1).
The holy ones are likely the many angels who worship God and serve as his army (see Psalm 89:5, 7).