Definition
a primitive root; to shudder with terror; hence, to fear; also to hasten (with anxiety)
Traditional renderings: be (make) afraid, be careful, discomfit, fray (away), quake, tremble.
Traditional renderings: be (make) afraid, be careful, discomfit, fray (away), quake, tremble.
In the Greek Old Testament
How the ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament renders חָרַד:
- ἐξίστημιexistēmi“to amaze”60%
- ταράσσωtarassō“to trouble”13%
- φοβέωphobeō“to fear”13%
- προσδέχομαιprosdechomai“to wait for/welcome”7%
- φόβοςphobos“fear”7%
Usage patterns
Occurrences
39 total
- Genesis 27:33וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד · began to tremble violentlyIsaac began to tremble violently and said, “Who was it, then, who hunted the game and brought it to me? Before you came in, I ate it all and blessed him—and indeed, he will be blessed!”
- Genesis 42:28וַיֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ · and trembling“My silver has been returned!” he said to his brothers. “It is here in my sack.” Their hearts sank, and trembling, they turned to one another and said, “What is this that God has done to us?”
- Exodus 19:16וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד · trembledOn the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled.
- Exodus 19:18וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד · quakedMount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke, because the LORD had descended on it in fire. And the smoke rose like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked violently.
- Leviticus 26:6מַחֲרִ֑יד · to fearAnd I will give peace to the land, and you will lie down with nothing to fear. I will rid the land of dangerous animals, and no sword will pass through your land.
- Deuteronomy 28:26מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · one to scare them awayYour corpses will be food for all the birds of the air and beasts of the earth, with no one to scare them away.
- Judges 8:12הֶחֱרִֽיד׃ · routingWhen Zebah and Zalmunna fled, Gideon pursued and captured these two kings of Midian, routing their entire army.
- Ruth 3:8וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד · was startledAt midnight, Boaz was startled, turned over, and there lying at his feet was a woman!
- 1 Samuel 13:7חָרְד֥וּ · were quaking in fearSome Hebrews even crossed the Jordan into the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul, however, remained at Gilgal, and all his troops were quaking in fear.
- 1 Samuel 14:15חָרְד֖וּ · trembledThen panic struck the Philistines in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. Even those in the outposts and raiding parties trembled. Indeed, the earth quaked, and panic spread from God.
- 1 Samuel 16:4וַיֶּחֶרְד֞וּ · they trembledSo Samuel did what the LORD had said and went to Bethlehem. When the elders of the town met him, they trembled and asked, “Do you come in peace?”
- 1 Samuel 21:1וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד · he trembledThen David came to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest. And when Ahimelech met David, he trembled and asked him, “Why are you alone? Why is no one with you?”
- 1 Samuel 28:5וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד · and trembledWhen Saul saw the Philistine army, he was afraid and trembled violently.
- 2 Samuel 17:2וְהַֽחֲרַדְתִּ֣י · I will throw him into a panicI will attack him while he is weak and weary; I will throw him into a panic, and all the people with him will flee; I will strike down only the king
- 1 Kings 1:49וַיֶּֽחֶרְדוּ֙ · in terrorAt this, all the guests of Adonijah arose in terror and scattered.
- 2 Kings 4:13חָרַ֣דְתְּ׀ · trouble…and Elisha said to Gehazi, “Now tell her, ‘Look, you have gone to all this trouble for us. What can we do for you? Can we speak on your behalf to the king or the commander of the army?’” “I have a home among my own people,” she replied.
- Job 11:19מַחֲרִ֑יד · fearYou will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor.
- Job 37:1יֶחֱרַ֣ד · pounds“At this my heart also pounds and leaps from its place.
- Isaiah 10:29חָֽרְדָה֙ · tremblesThey have crossed at the ford: “We will spend the night at Geba.” Ramah trembles; Gibeah of Saul flees.
- Isaiah 17:2מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · to fearThe cities of Aroer are forsaken; they will be left to the flocks, which will lie down with no one to fear.
- Isaiah 19:16וְחָרַ֣ד׀ · They will trembleIn that day the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble with fear beneath the uplifted hand of the LORD of Hosts, when He brandishes it against them.
- Isaiah 32:11חִרְדוּ֙ · ShudderShudder, you ladies of leisure; tremble, you daughters of complacency. Strip yourselves bare and put sackcloth around your waists.
- Isaiah 41:5יֶחֱרָ֑דוּ · trembleThe islands see and fear; the ends of the earth tremble. They approach and come forward.
- Jeremiah 7:33מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · to scare them awayThe corpses of this people will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and there will be no one to scare them away.
- Jeremiah 30:10מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · to make him afraidAs for you, O Jacob My servant, do not be afraid, declares the LORD, and do not be dismayed, O Israel. For I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their captivity! Jacob will return to quiet and ease, with no one to make him afraid.
- Jeremiah 46:27מַחֲרִֽיד׃ס · to make him afraidBut you, O Jacob My servant, do not be afraid, and do not be dismayed, O Israel. For I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their captivity! Jacob will return to quiet and ease, with no one to make him afraid.
- Ezekiel 26:16וְחָֽרְדוּ֙ · tremblingAll the princes of the sea will descend from their thrones, remove their robes, and strip off their embroidered garments. Clothed with terror, they will sit on the ground, trembling every moment, appalled over you.
- Ezekiel 26:18יֶחְרְד֣וּ · trembleNow the coastlands tremble on the day of your downfall; the islands in the sea are dismayed by your demise.”’
- Ezekiel 30:9לְהַחֲרִ֖יד · to frightenOn that day messengers will go out from Me in ships to frighten Cush out of complacency. Anguish will come upon them on the day of Egypt’s doom. For it is indeed coming.
- Ezekiel 32:10וְחָרְד֤וּ · will trembleI will cause many peoples to be appalled over you, and their kings will shudder in horror because of you when I brandish My sword before them. On the day of your downfall each of them will tremble every moment for his life.’
- Ezekiel 34:28מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · one will frighten themThey will no longer be prey for the nations, and the beasts of the earth will not consume them. They will dwell securely, and no one will frighten them.
- Ezekiel 39:26מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · one to frighten themThey will forget their disgrace and all the treachery they committed against Me, when they dwell securely in their land, with no one to frighten them.
- Hosea 11:10וְיֶחֶרְד֥וּ · will come tremblingThey will walk after the LORD; He will roar like a lion. When He roars, His children will come trembling from the west.
- Hosea 11:11יֶחֶרְד֤וּ · They will come tremblingThey will come trembling like birds from Egypt and like doves from the land of Assyria. Then I will settle them in their homes, declares the LORD.
- Amos 3:6יֶחֱרָ֑דוּ · trembleIf a ram’s horn sounds in a city, do the people not tremble? If calamity comes to a city, has not the LORD caused it?
- Micah 4:4מַחֲרִ֑יד · one to frighten himAnd each man will sit under his own vine and under his own fig tree, with no one to frighten him. For the mouth of the LORD of Hosts has spoken.
- Nahum 2:11מַחֲרִֽיד׃ · to frighten them awayWhere is the lions’ lair or the feeding ground of the young lions, where the lion and lioness prowled with their cubs, with nothing to frighten them away?
- Zephaniah 3:13מַחֲרִֽיד׃ס · to make them trembleThe remnant of Israel will no longer do wrong or speak lies, nor will a deceitful tongue be found in their mouths. But they will feed and lie down, with no one to make them tremble.”
- Zechariah 1:21לְהַחֲרִ֣יד · to terrify“What are these coming to do?” I asked. And He replied, “These are the horns that scattered Judah so that no one could raise his head; but the craftsmen have come to terrify them and throw down these horns of the nations that have lifted up their horns against the land of Judah to scatter it.”